Epistaksis (mimisan)

·        Definisi

Merupakan suatu bentuk perdarahan dari hidung

·        Etiologi

Local   : -     trauma : digital, fracture

-             Nasal sprays

-             Inflammatory reaction

-             Anatomic deformity

-             Foreingn bodies

-             Intranasal tumor

-             Chemical inhalants

-             Nasal prong O2, CPAP

-             Surgery 

 

Sistemik :  -    Vascular disorder

-          Blood dyscrasias

-          Hematologic malignancy

-          Allergies

-          Malnutrition

-          Hypertension

-          Drugs

-          Infection

-          Alcohol

·        Klasifikasi

Berdasarkan sumber perdarahan:

o   Epistaksis anterior : pleksus Kisselbach

o   Epistaksis posterior : arteri etmoidalis posterior, arteri sfenopalatina atau pada posterior lateral nasal wall→ Woodruff’s nasopharyngeal plexus

·        Treatment

ü  Cauterization

ü  Nasal packing “mini”, anterior, posterior pack, ballon.

ü  Greater canal foramen/ canal block

ü  Laser photocoagulation

ü  Pharmacologic

ü  Angiograph embolization

ü  Surgical ligation

ü  Surgical reconstruction 

CMIIW :)